<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jyri Rajamäki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iiro Lahti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johanna Parviainen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OSINT on the Dark Web: Child Abuse Material Investigations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">child abuse material</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cybercrime</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dark web</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">investigation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OSINT</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> 21-32</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Dark Web allows users to hide their identity while browsing or sending information, providing an ideal environment for transferring information,
goods, and services with potentially illegal intentions. Therefore, Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) are interested in Open Source INTelligence (OSINT) on the Dark Web. LEAs need appropriate techniques to find darknet sites used by criminals. This article examines online child sexual exploitation and the various OSINT automation tools that can be exploited on the Dark Web. Additionally, we consider OSINT on the Dark Web, paying attention to the challenges LEAs face when investigating crimes related to child abuse material (CAM). The biggest challenges are related to data storage and the criminal investigation itself. CAM may not be recorded or examined except by an LEA officer specifically designated and trained for this purpose. The study examines how OSINT could be implemented without exposing researchers to the contents of CAM. The method could be to focus the inquiry on already known links and sites. This has challenges, but a bigger number of LEAs could carry out such an inquiry, and the storage of such data would not be illegal.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jyri Rajamäki</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Design Science Research towards Privacy by Design in Maritime Surveillance ICT Systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GDPR Directive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">impact assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">maritime surveillance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open source intelligence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OSINT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">privacy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">196-214</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maritime surveillance is essential for creating maritime awareness. When open source intelligence (OSINT) is becoming a part of it, privacy in surveillance will be a special concern. However, processing of personal data in surveillance is regulated by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and/or by the Directive 2016/680 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data. In both of these regulations, Privacy by Design (PbD) approach is mandatory. GDPR encourages applying a Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) to identify and minimize data protection risks as the initial step of any new project. This design science research shows how PbD and DPIA are adapted in the MARISA project and tries to be a step towards new meta-artifacts and useful methods for the design and validation of privacy requirements engineering approaches into maritime surveillance ICT systems.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">196</style></section></record></records></xml>