<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simon Lunn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ensuring Democratic Control of Armed Forces – The Enduring Challenges</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Connections: The Quarterly Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">accountability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">democratic control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">governance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oversight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parliamentary control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security sector reform</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transparency</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-52</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armed forces constitute the foundation for the defense and security of their societies. They protect against external threats and, when required, provide coercive power. As a corporate body, they play a prominent role in the ordering of the nation’s affairs, in the development of national security policy, and in the allocation of national resources. Their role is guided by a single principle: their subordination to democratically elected political leadership. This democratic control ensures they serve the societies they protect. 
This article identifies the key elements needed to ensure effective democratic control. It examines the role of the executive in the organization and employment of the armed forces and the legislature in providing oversight and accountability. The tensions in defining competence and responsibility where the political and military worlds and perspectives intersect are alleviated in the process of fusion, collision, or reconciliation at all levels, from policy to operations. Democratic control must reflect societal developments as in the influence of information technology or the impressive “genderization” of defense and security. Two decades of transition in Europe have shown that democratic control is a process in which each country adapts the basic principles to its own circumstances.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><num-vols><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-52</style></num-vols></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philipp Fluri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrian Kendry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark Pyman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simon Lunn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashley Thornton</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Building Integrity and Reducing Corruption in Defence: A Compendium of Best Practices</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">accountability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">corruption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Defence governance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">defence management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">integrity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transparency</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-92-9222-114-0 </style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transparency and corruption challenges in the defence sphere often affect not only transition states but also established democracies. This compendium, the product of cooperation between Transparency International UK, the NATO PfP team and DCAF, focuses on concepts and tools which can ensure good practices in defence management and policy through enhancing transparency, increasing accountability and building integrity. Designed primarily as an introduction and reference tool for defence personnel, civilians in the defence sphere, democratic institutions, and civil society will also find materials on integrity building and anti-corruption measures which are relevant to their own security governance activities</style></abstract></record></records></xml>