<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DRIVER+ Taxonomy of Crisis Management Functions 2020</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">135</style></number><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In 2017, a research team in the DRIVER+ project led by the authors of this report developed a &quot;Taxonomy of crisis management functions for classification of solutions.&quot; The taxonomy included a comprehensive set of 54 crisis management (CM) functions, with sub-functions and tasks, grouped in ten main functional areas. This taxonomy was implemented in the online platform Portfolio of Solutions (POS) and used to classify project-defined crisis management gaps and solutions uploaded on the POS. With the accumulation of experience, the authors were tasked to review, update and amend the taxonomy of functions taking into account user’s feedback, the “Common Global Capability Gaps” identified by IFAFRI and the strategic gaps and challenges elaborated by the EU Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre. This report presents the amended taxonomy of functions, along with revised and amended taxonomy of hazards. In combination, the two taxonomies allow effective classification of any content and navigation of the POS platform.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raphael Perl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recommendations and Courses of Action: How to Secure the Post-Covid Future</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transatlantic Security: Securing the Post Covid Future</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Federal Ministry of Defense</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vienna, Austria</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-41</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-3-903121-93-5</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The recommendations contained in this report are the outcome of an online virtual transatlantic security brainstorming event designed to look at securing the future post COVID-19, flag issues and develop recommendations for policymakers. Leading think tanks and defense educational institutions hosted the discussions on six main topics, featuring 2,750 registered representatives from government, international organizations, academia, and the private sector. This number included over 160 VIP&amp;rsquo;s, many at the ministerial and ambassadorial level.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Key recommendations:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The transatlantic community should initiate an in-depth leadership discussion (using G7, NATO and US-EU formats) on leveraging and strengthening historically established strategic advantages.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Achieving &amp;ldquo;strategic complementarity&amp;rdquo; between NATO and the European Union is a strategically desirable goal. Both NATO and the EU should initiate comprehensive reviews of the US-Europe strategic dialogue on all topics from trade to security with the goal of reaffirming and enhancing transatlantic solidarity.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;NATO and the EU should establish task forces to examine balancing allocation of resources devoted to traditional external threats with those devoted to emerging global threats.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;NATO and the EU should establish and formalize mechanisms to examine and develop comprehensive response strategies to Chinese global efforts to expand influence. Beijing&amp;rsquo;s European policy during the pandemic provides strong evidence that the EU-China 2020 Strategic Agenda for Cooperation should be seriously overhauled. It is important scrutinize Chinese geo-economics through a security prism, with resulting guidance to the EU Members and aspirants on a unified strategy for their relations with China. A similar approach guiding relations with Russia is also warranted.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;The timing of catastrophic events is often not predictable &amp;ndash; but effective responses to such events have much in common. NATO and the EU should formalize mechanisms to develop and robustly coordinate all hazards response capabilities to catastrophic events with the pandemic experience as a driving force. Important here is to ensure supply chain continuity. Resilient, dependable and diverse supply chains, involving trusted allies and partners, are essential for effective national and regional responses to pandemic-like threats.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;The EU should create a Strategic Communications Task Force dedicated to countering hostile competitor campaigns designed to undermine EU public opinion; e.g. Chinese, Russian, Iranian, Islamist, and others.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Artificial Intelligence (AI) has much to offer in enhancing readiness and response to pandemic-type events, but often not without potentially far reaching implications for individual freedoms and civil liberty. Creating EU or NATO task forces or advisory/study groups charged with enhancing compatibility of legal and ethical frameworks with the use of AI in military applications is an option worth considering.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Taxonomy of Crisis Management Functions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustainability</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5147</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolving Models of Using Armed Forces in Domestic Disaster Response and Relief</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">civ-mil coordination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crisis management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">defence policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">military support</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">niche capabilities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">surge capacity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">167-180</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Due to the high level of readiness and their comprehensive capabilities, armed forces are demanded or expected to contribute to the response to incident and disasters of natural, technogenic or manmade origin. Military units may provide surge capacity, unique capabilities, long-term support to relief and recovery or even be the first to respond to a disaster. This article reviews the European experience in the organisation for using armed forces in domestic disaster response and relief operations, models of military employment, examples of military formations specially tailored for disaster response, multinational disaster response and relief formations, and specific military capabilities used in domestic response and relief operations. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">167</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy and Legal Frameworks of Using Armed Forces for Domestic Disaster Response and Relief</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">civ-mil coordination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crisis management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">militarism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">military support</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security and defence policy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">137-166</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This article reviews roles of military forces in Europe in support of civilian authorities in crises caused by natural or manmade incidents and disasters. These roles are shaped by five trends – some in effect since the end of the Cold war, others more recent. These are: transition from civil defence to civil protection; expanding non-combat roles of the armed forces; cooperation with an increasing number of actors; respective proliferation of modes of contribution; and searching ways to contribute to the resilience of both states and local communities. The authors elaborate and provide examples for these five trends and conclude by highlighting some enduring characteristics of the military contributions. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">137</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria’s 2014 Annual Defence Report: Plenty of Data, Low Political Impact</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">armed forces</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">defence budget</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">defence capabilities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minister of Defence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ministry of Defence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Centre for Security and Defence Management</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Annual Report on the Status of Defence and the Armed Forces is an important political act, which reveals to the public and its deputies in the Parliament the status, problems, and prospects of national defence and the Armed Forces. The 2014 Report reveals only a single problem that is obvious and clear to all - insufficient budget for rearmament. However, the report does not formulate the dilemmas the leadership of Defence faces and options for the future development of the armed forces. The lack of timely decisions will increasingly turn decision issues into dilemmas of the &quot;either-or&quot; type.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vesselin Petkov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonia Todorova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinar Elman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case Study on South-Eastern Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deliverable 8.2</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31 July 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EvoCS Consortium</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On the European experience in critical infrastructure</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zelena knyha z pytan zakhystu kritychoy infrastructuru</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NISS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyiv</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155-156</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vesselin Petkov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolving Security Concepts: The Premium on Governance in the Case of Bulgaria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">corruption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">governance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Political stability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security discourse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social security</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83-107</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The EvoCS project analysed security perceptions and discourses in 12 countries, including Bulgaria. The authors of the Bulgarian case study introduce the particular &amp;lsquo;transitional&amp;rsquo; context of the security discourse, briefly describe the project methodology and present the research results for Bulgaria, along with explanation of the historical and social influences on security perceptions. The Bulgarian security discourse emerged as unique among all twelve examined in EvoCS. It is dominated by the &amp;ldquo;political stability and security&amp;rdquo; core value and the overarching theme is governance &amp;ndash; in the political, social, and economic spheres, as well as in facing the pervasive threat of corruption. The case study epitomises a double disconnect &amp;ndash; between the official Bulgarian security discourse and societal perceptions of security challenges, on one hand, and between challenges identified in EU security strategies and challenges faced by Bulgaria, on the other. This is reflected in the final section of the paper, presenting policy recommendations on making the security discourse in Bulgaria more relevant to the challenges the country faces and the societal interests.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montenegro: Capabilities, Organisations, Policies, and Legislation in crisis management and disaster response</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Directorate for Emergency Management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster preparedness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">legislative base</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montenegro</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">122</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Information and Communication Technologies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Despite its relatively small territory and size of population, Montenegro is highly exposed and vulnerable to natural hazards. The country has to address primarily earthquakes, wild fires and hydro-meteorological phenomena such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and heavy snowfall. Of particular concern are the frequent landslides and rock falls linked to the country’s mountainous terrain.

As most of the other former Yugoslavia countries, Montenegro’s authorities have been developing the national civil protection system since 2006 on what remained from the federal institutions, applying modern global and European practices and standards. Gradually, the civil protection mechanism has moved away from the former “civil defence.” In result, the country’s framework on civil protection and disaster relief is not contained in a single formal document. However, in terms of legal arrangements and policy statements, the harmonisation with international norms and standards is relatively successful. 

At the policy level, the National Strategy for Emergency Situations defines the risks and responsibilities of different state, local, and private authorities to deal with such. Directorate for Emergency Management has been established to implement mechanisms for prevention, preparedness and response. The Law on Rescue and Protection is the core legal act, supplemented by the Environment Law (1996), Law on Waters of (1995), Law on Protection against Natural Disasters (1992), Law on Protection of Air against Pollution (1980), and others. The principal political-managerial body on civil protection is the National Coordination, headed by the Prime Minister and the ministers are remaining members. The core administration of civil protection is provided by the Ministry of Interior and Administration (MoI).

Introduction of emergency regime is a right and obligation of the Parliament.

The civil protection concept is comprehensive and relatively well balanced among the state, the municipalities (21 in numbers), business, and private citizens. 

By way of comparison with best practices, the country’s civil protection framework does not require development of hazard-specific contingency plans. 

Montenegro is engaged in the Southeastern European international co-operation for risk reduction and disaster response. 
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zlatogor Minchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romania: Capabilities, Organisations, Policies, and Legislation in crisis management and disaster response</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster preparedness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emergency Management Information System</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Emergency Management System</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romania</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Information and Communication Technologies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romania is highly vulnerable to catastrophic natural disasters. Firstly, it is situated in a seismically active region and has a history of devastating and deadly earthquakes – the most affecting happened in Vrancea in 1977. Furthermore, the Bucharest area has experienced a number of tremors of varying intensities, and the probability that a severe and damaging earthquake will occur is high. However, Romania is also at risk by other natural and technological hazards. More specifically, the floods in 2010 revealing weaknesses of the civil protection system triggered some process of improving. Of the former group, floods, drought and heat/cold waves have been experienced frequently, while the most affecting example of a man-made disaster has been the accident at the Baia Mare gold processing plant, where, in 2000, 100 000 cubic meters of toxic waste water spilled out and flooded into the Danube River, affecting Romania, Hungary, Ukraine, Serbia and Bulgaria. 

The Romanian crisis management concept views civil protection as a public policy issue, and as a civil operation during which the military could provide support with both assets and people. Crisis management does not rely on a centralised structure, but is a result of the interaction of parallel architectures. The latter involve bodies and agencies dealing with particular risks, while the crisis management system-of-systems employs an all-hazard approach. The most significant developments within the crisis management domain took place in 2004, as well as after the 2007 accession to the European Union. 

The National Emergency Management System (NEMS) is a nationally owned mechanism of multiple stakeholders, which provides coordination and response in case of emergencies, and serves as an advocate for prevention and disaster risk reduction at different levels. It is organised at four levels (national/governmental, ministerial, county and local), with a particular coordination and communication role for the national-level authorities. The system is led by the Prime Minister, supported by the National Committee for Emergency Situations and having the Minister of Administration and Interior as a chief executive. The main executive administrative body is the General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations (GIES), which coordinates plans and operational activities in cases of natural and man-made emergency situations. Specific plans are prepared at all administrative levels. Funding is provided through the state and local budgets, though they are used mostly for post-disaster rehabilitation and less for preventive measures.

The role of the private sector in the civil security system is limited, while NGOs cooperate closely with the state institutions, mostly in the fields of education and training. The number of organised volunteers is about 130 000. Regulations require that everyone be prepared to take care of himself in the immediate aftermath of major disasters. Every family and company should develop its own emergency plan, stock its own emergency survival kit, and ensure that each family member or company employee is familiarised with emergency procedures and can take precautions to protect their personal safety. However, in general, the society is not well organised at a community level and expectations that disaster management is a state responsibility are widely spread.

After Romania’s EU accession in 2007, the country improved its cooperation with international actors and increased its efforts to make the crisis management system coherent with international (particularly the EU) context. Romania has increased its engagement in the work of committees and working groups dealing with the EU’s civil protection. Romania has activated the EU’s Monitoring and Information Centre (MIC)  several times and contributed to several MIC-coordinated interventions providing support to Greece, Georgia, Hungary, Moldova and Turkey. Bilateral agreements or protocols are signed with some of the Romania’s neighbours (Bulgaria, Hungary, and Moldova), as well with other European (Czech, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, and Turkey) and non-European countries (Azerbaijan and the USA –with FEMA and USTDA).

The Romanian capacity for emergency response includes several niche capabilities: pyrotechnical capabilities for drainage, controlled breaches, and detonation, for water purification and transportation and for marine de-pollution. Military cargo aircraft are also available in cases of emergencies at home and abroad (C-27J Spartan – 6, C-130 Hercules – 3, and An-26 Curl – 4).</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scenario and ambitions for managing a trans-border political-military crisis: Implications for Bulgaria’s Defence Policy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">defence policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethnic conflict</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">planning scenarios</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transborder conflict</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></number><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">At the end of 2007 and early 2008, we conducted a study on the request of the Ministry of Defence of Republic of Bulgaria, aimed to support the review of the country&amp;rsquo;s defence policy and the long-term vision for its armed forces. The report was published in the Spring of 2008 without any substantive editorial intervention. In view of the current crisis in neighbouring Macedonia, we decided to inform our readers on the relevant portions of that work, as it was published more than seven years ago. Depending on the evolution of the security situation close to the Bulgarian borders, we stand ready to review prospective scenarios and recommend feasible courses of action.
The full text of the report is in Bulgarian.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slovenia: Capabilities, Organisations, Policies, and Legislation in crisis management and disaster response</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil protection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster preparedness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disaster response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">legislative base</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slovenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">123</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Information and Communication Technologies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">According to official reports, Slovenia is threatened by a variety of natural hazards, mostly earthquakes, floods, landslides, hail, storms, sleet, frost, and fire. The country has one nuclear power plant and a large industrial sector that operates dangerous substances – a potential source of ecological damages and catastrophic accidents.

The recent civil protection system has been constructed after 1992 by means of the adoption of a number of legislative acts and organisational reforms. The core characteristic of the civil protection system of Slovenia is that protection against natural and man-made disasters has been separated from the national defence system. This way, an integral and functionally unified system has been established based on common goals and principles. However, the main administrative and co-ordination structure for civil protection – Administration of the Republic of Slovenia for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief (ACPDR) is a constituent body of the Ministry of Defence.

Conceptually, the civil protection and rescue system is one of the three pillars of national security along with the defence system and the internal security system. However, “civil protection” in Slovenia is a relatively narrow concept which is common elsewhere in the EU. It includes very specific range of activities, commanding and co-ordinating bodies and specialised units for interventions and rescue in emergencies.

The system is built at three levels – national, regional and municipality. Functionally the focus is on regional capabilities and local authorities, supported by the state. Commercial entities, civil organisations and citizens have legally prescribed important functions for prevention, monitoring, alarming and responding to any extreme developments. Volunteering has a long lasting tradition in Slovenia.

Key civil protection stakeholders are the National Assembly, the Government, particular ministers, and the civil protection service that includes commanders, headquarters and heads of intervention and rescue units, and the local authorities. The administrative and specific expert tasks related to protection against natural and other disasters are carried out by the ACPDR, which is a multi-sectorial and coordinating body.

The units of the Slovenian Armed Forces and the Police are to carry out protection and rescue tasks related to their training and equipment. Their participation in protection and rescue operations is decided upon by the government and in emergency cases by the respective ministers at the request of the Commander of Civil Protection of the Republic of Slovenia.

Annually, Slovenia allocates approximately 0.5% of its national budget for civil protection while municipalities earmark 3% of their budgets. Protection against fire is partly financed from the fire fund, which is generated from a tax on fire insurance.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Годишният доклад за състоянието на отбраната 2014: много данни с малък политически ефект</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Април 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Център за мениджмънт на сигурността и отбраната</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Годишният доклад за състоянието на отбраната е важен политически акт, който разкрива пред обществото и неговите делегирани представители във властта състоянието, проблемите и перспективите пред отбраната и Въоръжените сили. Докладът за 2014 разкрива един единствен явен и ясен за всички проблем – недостатъчен бюджет за превъоръжаване. Докладът обаче не разкрива вариантите на избор и дилемите пред ръководството на отбраната. А липсата на навременни решения ще превръща все повече проблеми в дилеми от типа “или-или”.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Рунъния: Способности, Организация, Политики и Законодателство за Управление на Кризи и Отговор при Бедствия</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Юни 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Институт по информационни и комуникационни технологии</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Обект на настоящия доклад е Румъния – държава, силно уязвима от природни бедствия; разположена в сеизмично активен регион с история, белязана от разрушителни земетресения, и подложена на въздействието на множество рискове, например наводнения, суша и горещини. Докладът изследва концептуалната основа на управлението при кризи в Румъния и структурата на системата, в която основна координираща роля по отношение на планове и оперативни дейности играе Главният инспекторат за извънредни ситуации. Авторът отделя специално внимание на ролята на частния сектор и НПО, активни основно в сферата на образованието и обучението. Способностите на Румъния за реакция при кризи и извънредни ситуации се разглежда в контекста на международното сътрудничество в областта.
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Словения: Способности, Организация, Политики и Законодателство за Управление на Кризи и Отговор при Бедствия</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Юни 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">123</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Институт по информационни и комуникационни технологии</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Сценарий и амбиции за управление на трансгранична военнополитическа криза: Изводи за отбранителната политика на България</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></number><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">В края на 2007 и началото на 2008 г. проведохме изследване по заявка на министерството на отбраната на Република България, осигурявайки аналитична поддръжка на провеждания тогава преглед на отбранителната политика на страната и дългосрочните планове за развитие на въоръжените сили. Отчетът от изследването бе публикуван от издателството на МО през пролетта на 2008 г. без съществени редакционни промени. Предвид текущата криза в съседна Македония, решихме да информираме нашите читатели за съответната част от изследването във вида, публикувано преди повече от седем години. В зависимост от развитието на ситуацията в сферата на сигурността в близост до нашите граници, имаме готовност да преразгледаме потенциалните сценарии и да препоръчаме адекватен курс на действие.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Черна гора: Способности, Организация, Политики и Законодателство за Управление на Кризи иОтговор при Бедствия</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Юни 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">122</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Институт по информационни и комуникационни технологии</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Докладът е посветен на Черна гора, бивша югославска република, която развива националната си система за гражданска защита едва след 2006г., започвайки от кота 0, като използва за основа остатъците от федералните институции и се опитва да приложи добри международни практики. По-нататък в доклада се разисква концептуалният преход от „гражданска отбрана&quot; към „гражданска защита&quot; и влиянието му върху процеса на изграждане на системата. Малка по размер, но силно уязвима, Черна гора често се налага да се справя с последиците от земетресения, горски пожари и хидрометеорологични феномени като наводнения, суша, горещини и обилни снеговалежи. От особено значение са също честите проявления на свлачища, свързани с характерния планинския терен. Докладът разглежда политиките в областта, както и правните и оперативни аспекти на черногорската система за управление при кризи. </style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NATO’s Partnership for Peace: Twenty Years Later (in Bulgarian)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Central Asia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Defence reform</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eastern Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">military cooperation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NATO</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Partnership for Peace</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Centre for Security and Defence Management</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On 11 January 1994, on the U.S. initiative, the heads of NATO member states approved the Partnership for Peace (PfP). A month later, Bulgaria joined PfP crossing its first Rubicon on the road towards the trans-Atlantic alliance and community. PfP proved to be one of the best ideas in the field of security and defence since the end of the Cold War. PfP applied the concept of cooperative security in real politics, and became one of the most important means of gradually breaking down mental and physical barriers inherited by the Cold War. Twenty years later, the realities are very different both in NATO and the partner countries. Military cooperation, however, continues to be an important factor for international security and regional stability. PfP is now a culture of thinking and action. Its value remains high, and member countries and partners are jointly responsible to find ways and forms for its further development and modernization. The time has come for inspirational discussions, followed by timely and effective decisions and actions.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">What needs to be done to avoid a repetition of ‘Karbala 2003’? (in Bulgarian)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">force protection standards</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lessons learned</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mission command</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">training</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Centre for Security and Defence Management</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ten years after the lethal attack on the Bulgarian contingent’s base in Karbala, Iraq, and on the occasion of the declassification of the defence ministry commission’s report on the case, the authors formulate key problems that need to be resolved in order to avoid similar tragedies in the future, i.e. to focus training of the armed forces, and their overall development, on modern operations, to introduce effectively the norms and practices of mission command, to adhere to the modern standards for protecting forces on mission, and to create an effective unit for analysis and formulation of lessons learned.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">За да не се повтаря никога ‘Кербала 2003’</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Януари 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Център за мениджмънт на сигурността и отбраната</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">По повод на десетата годишнина от смъртоносната атака срещу база ‘Индия’ на българския контингент в Кербала и разсекретяването на доклада на ведомствената комисия, авторите формулират ключовите проблеми, които трябва да бъдат решени, за да се избегнат аналогични случаи в бъдеще -- поставяне на съвременните операции във фокуса на цялостната подготовка на войските, решително възприемане на модерните норми и практики за командване в мисии, внедряване на съвременни стандарти за защита на контингентите в мисии, и създаване на ефективно звено за анализ, формулиране и внедряване на поуките от практиката.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Партньорството за мир на НАТО: двадесет години по-късно</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Януари 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Център за мениджмънт на сигурността и отбраната</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">На 11 януари 1994 г. държавните глави на страните от НАТО одобряват предложената от САЩ инициатива Партньорство за мир (ПзМ), а на 14 февруари същата година президентът Желю Желев подписва Рамковия документ на Партньорство за мир. Изминаха точно двадесет години, от както България премина своя първи Рубикон в новия си демократичен преход. ПзМ се оказа една от най-добрите идеи в областта на сигурността и отбраната след края на Студената война. Партньорството приложи концепцията за кооперативна сигурност в реалната политика и се превърна в едно от най-важните средства за постепенно разграждане на бариерите – ментални и физически, които Студената война ни остави. Двадесет години по-късно реалностите са твърде различни както в НАТО, така и за страните партньори. Военното сътрудничество обаче продължава да бъде важен фактор за международните отношения на сигурност. Партньорството за мир вече е култура на мисленето и действието. Неговата ценност е висока и е въпрос на далновидност и отговорност целите и формите на партньорство да бъдат развивани и допълвани. Моментът е настъпил и сега е време за вдъхновяваща дискусия, за навремени решения и за резултатни действия.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Building Integrity in Defence: Role of Parliaments</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In his presentation to the Regional Seminar on the OSCE Code of Conduct on politico-military aspects of security, speaking to parliamentarians from the Western Balkans, Amb. Ratchev explains the effects of corruption and the important roles parliaments may have in enhancing the integrity of defence establishments. The focus in the presentation is on the challenges of eliminating corruption related to defence procurement.
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Challenges of Security Sector Reform: Institutional Experiences</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In a roundtable discussion on &quot;‘The Role and Responsibilities of Parliamentary Committees in Security Sector Oversight and Security Sector Governance’&quot; with parliamentarians, staffers, defence and security officials Amb. Ratchev presents a benchmark for security organizations, sources of deficit, the need for clear reform strategy and programmes, the need for an interagency approach and focus on integrity. In the concluding section he outlines conceptual, political and sustainability challenges to democratic security sector reform.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crisis management related research at the IT for Security Department</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">capability development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAX</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crisis management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decision making</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foresight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">training</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Presentation to the international seminar on “Interagency Cooperation in Crisis Management and Disaster Response”, hosted by the CMDR Centre of Excellence at the &quot;G.S. Rakovski&quot; Defence Academy in Sofia,17-28 September 2013. It outlines the main challenges to crisis management and presents recent and forthcoming research activities of the IT for Security department with its Centre for Security and Defence Management and Joint Training, Simulation, and Analysis Centre, focused on decision making under uncertainty, capability planning and capability development, computer assisted exercises and training. </style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy: It is Time for Change (in Bulgarian)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17 Decem 2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Centre for Security and Defence Management</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">How to develop an effective, efficient and democratic defence institution - the lessons we are learning</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">civil-military</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">defence institution building</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">defence management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">governance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">institutional perspective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">integrity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAP-DIB</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transparency</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In a presentation to the Georgian MPs, staffers and defence experts Amb. Ratchev discusses the institutional perspective to defence reform and the key lessons from the experience of Bulgaria and other Central and Eastern European countries. He outlines principles, requirements and challenges in creating a modern defence institution that is effective, transparent, and accountable.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strategic and Political Dimensions of Cyber Security - Lessons from Bulgaria</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In his presentation to the NATO-SBU cyber defence conference in Yalta, 4-5 November 2013, Amb. Ratchev discusses the experience on Bulgaria, including the strategic context, the understanding of cyber threats and vulnerabilities, with focus on the development of a cybersecurity strategy.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On Strategy</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In a presentation to policy experts at the Diplomatic Academy in Kyiv, Ukraine, Amb. Ratchev examines five main themes: (1) How to frame the discourse on “the strategic”; (2) Strategic theory and thinking' (3) strategy, plan and process; (4) Analysis at the strategic level; and (5) the main issues in drafting a strategy.
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Will there be a NATO centre in Bulgaria? (in Bulgarian)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Centre for Security and Defence Management</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria's defence ministry announced on October 2nd a proposal to the Council of Ministers to close down the Centre of Excellence on Crisis Management and Disaster Response. Analysing requirements and the experience so far, in view of NATO's and Bulgaria's policies, the author qualifies this proposal as irresponsible, incompetent, and a sign of national nihilism.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Общата политика за сигурност и отбрана на ЕС: време е за промяна</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Декември 2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Център за мениджмънт на сигурността и отбраната</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uwe Nerlich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Context Scenarios and Alternative Future EU Roles as a Global Security Actor</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDM Views</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec reports</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Information and Communication Technologies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venelin Georgiev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petya Ivanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lozan Bizov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methodology for Planning Wartime Defence Capabilities</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Centre for Security and Defence Management, IICT-BAS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-954-91700-4-7</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venelin Georgiev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Taxonomy of Essential Services</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radioelectronic and Computer Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive approach</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Critical Infrastructure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Planning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">threats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uncertainty</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vulnerabilities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radioelectronic and Computer Systems 6(58)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sevastopol, Ukraine</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191-196</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communities, countries and alliances cannot be efficient in preparing to meet diverse threats to their security within traditional organizational stovepipes. The boundaries between ‘internal’ and ‘external’ threats are getting fuzzier, and the vulnerabilities of governments, businesses and communities feed on each other, while the comprehensive approach is gaining traction in ever more security fields. The implementation of the comprehensive approach poses a number of methodological challenges. While it clearly requires coordination of various capabilities of a multitude of actors, it is less apparent which is the suitable organising concept. This paper takes as a starting point the concept of ‘essential services’ and suggests a taxonomy, that would allow to treat threats, vulnerabilities and risk in a common comprehensive framework. The taxonomy has been developed with a specific purpose in mind, and thus refers to European Essential Services (EES). We nevertheless reason that it can be replicated to support decision making at other levels, e.g. in national security policy making and planning. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venelin Georgiev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Taxonomy of Essential Services</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radioelectronic and Computer Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191-196</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civilianisation of the Defence Ministry: A Functional Approach to a Modern Defence Institution</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DCAF Regional Programmes Series 7</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> 978-92-9222-162-1</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am important contribution to an informed and constructive discussion on how civilianisation of a defence ministry could be conceptualized and managed within the framework of an overall defence transformation effort. It offers a methodological approach and a collection of ideas, approaches and lessons learned from most of the Central and East European countries.
The book is available also in Russian and Ukrainian on DCAF's website at http://www.dcaf.ch/civilianisation-defence-ministry-functional-approach-modern-defence-institution</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil-Military Interaction at the Core of the EU Comprehensive Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NDU Scientific Quarterly</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">civil-military cooperation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive approach</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coordination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSDP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EU</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winter 2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-81</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The European Union is a unique and complex power, with a potential to act in the field of security that has been largely underutilized. The particular choices on future EU security roles will be shaped by the structural conditions for EU decision-making, as well as trends and factors that do and will drive the respective decisions. Towards that purpose, the first part of this article presents a study on dimensions, structural conditions, and drivers. It summarises the advances in the implementation of the comprehensive approach and outlines constraints impacting the definition of EU roles in this respect. The second part of the paper focuses on the evolution of civil-military interaction – the key ingredient in the evolution of the comprehensive approach. It looks into the origins of contemporary civil-military interaction in operations and presents the two main concepts of civil-military cooperation, or CIMIC, and civil-military coordination. It then presents current EU policies with major impact on the development and use of civilian and military assets in EU operations, including the interfaces between EU and NATO. The final section examines the civil-military dimension of future EU roles in the implementation of the comprehensive approach. It looks at potential developments in civil-military interaction in ‘external’ and ‘internal’ roles and identifies plausible EU roles in developing ‘mixed’ civil-military capabilities.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CIVIL-MILITARY INTERACTION AT THE CORE OF THE EU COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeszyty Naukowe AON </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><num-vols><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(85)</style></num-vols><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-81.</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil-military interaction in the EU’s comprehensive approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">capability divelopment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CIMIC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive approach</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ESDP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foresight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec reports</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Information and Communication Technologies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports 94 summarises the CSDM input to Focus working package 3.2. It examines the origins of contemporary civil-military interaction, the modalities of civil-military interaction in current EU policies and an approach to exploring the civil-military dimension of future EU roles in the implementation of the comprehensive approach. The report concludes that future security roles of the European Union will require ever closer interaction between civilian and military instruments to guarantee the coordination and cooperation of those involved in operations at national and international levels. With time, the interaction between civilians and military moved forward from coordination on an adhoc basis to a structured EU-wide process of development of military and civilian capabilities. This trend is likely to continue towards encompassing the early phases of defining future operational requirements and technology development, that would not only guarantee effective implementation of advanced concepts of operations and interoperability among military and main civilian actors, but may also lead to the creation of common civil-military assets owned in some form by the European Union.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petya Ivanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Framework for Analysis of Potential EU Roles in the Comprehensive Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">driver dimension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foresight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec reports</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">structural constraints</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Information and Communication Technologies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports 88 presents the CSDM input to Focus working package 3.1. It identifies principal dimensions for describing EU roles in the comprehensive approach: (1) Actors; (2) Instruments; (3) Goals and Objectives in supporting non-EU member states; (4) Strategies; and (5) Mission Roles. Secondly, it provides an overview of recent advances in the EU understanding and development of the comprehensive approach. Third, it presents analysis of the structural conditions for EU decision-making and respective strategies. The final section of the report outlines the main drivers for the further development and implementation of the comprehensive approach. Abstracts of recent specialised publications are included in an Annex to this report. </style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uwe Nerlich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Towards the exploration of future EU roles as a global security actor</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec reports</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Information and Communication Technologies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports 92 is an internal deliverable within the FOCUS project summarising the input by CSDM and CESS (Centre for European Security Strategies) to working package 6.1. It suggests a way to describe future EU roles as a global security actor. It then provides a comprehensive analysis of the principal trends in global security and identifies essential drivers of change, examining also specific challenges and strategic shocks that may steer global developments to one or another alternative future. Finally, it presents a framework for exploring EU global security roles, incorporating a concept of the global EU power and examination of the external-internal nexus in the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Гражданско-военно взаимодействие във всеобхватния подход на ЕС</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Институт по информационни и комуникационни технологии</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Докладът представя изследователските резултати на ЦМСО по работен пакет 3.2 на проект FOCUS. В доклада се описва произхода на съвременното гражданско-военно взаимодействие, съответните модалности в съвременните политики на Европейския съюз и подход към изследването на гражданско-военното измерение на бъдещите роли на ЕС в прилагането на всеобхватния подход. В заключението се подчертава, че бъдещите роли на ЕС в сферата на сигурността ще изискват все по-тясно взаимодействие между цивилни и военни инструменти за да се гарантира координация между всички участници в операции на национално и международно ниво. С времето сътрудничеството между цивилни и военни ще се измества от ад-хок координация към структуриран процес на развитие на военни и цивилни способности. Вероятно тази тенденция ще обхване ранните фази на определяне на бъдещи оперативни изисквания и технологично развитие, като по този начин не само гарантира ефективно прилагане на съвременни оперативни концепции и оперативна съвместимост между военни и цивилни, но може да доведе и до създаване на общи „цивилно-военни” способности притежавани под някаква форма от Европейския съюз. </style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Към изследването на бъдещи роли на ЕС като глобален играч в сферата на сигурността</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">декември 2012 г.</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Институт по информационни и комуникационни технологии</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Докладът представя основни изследователски резултати на ЦМСО и Центърът за европейски стратегии за сигурност (CESS) по работен пакет 6.1 на проект FOCUS. Предложен е начин за описание на бъдещи роли на ЕС в сферата на глобалната сигурност. Представен е задълбочен анализ на основни тенденции в глобалната сигурност. Идентифицирани са основни драйвери на промяната, както и специфични предизвикателства и възможни стратегически шокове, които биха могли да насочат развитието към едно или друго алтернативно бъдеще. Представен е рамков подход за изследване на глобалната мощ на ЕС и връзката между външни и вътрешни развития в Общата външна политика и политика за сигурност на съюза.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Потенциални роли на ЕС във всеобхватния подход: Рамка за анализ</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IT4Sec Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">септември 2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Институт по информационни и комуникационни технологии</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Докладът представя изследователските резултати на ЦМСО по работен пакет 3.1 на проект FOCUS. В доклада са идентифицирани основни измерения за описание на ролите на Европейския съюз в прилагането на всеобхватния подход: (1) Действащи лица; (2) Инструменти; (3) Цели в подпомагането на страни извън ЕС; (4) Стратегии; и (5) Роли в мисии, систематизирани са развитията на разбирането за всеобхватния подход в ЕС, анализирани са структурните условия за взимане на съответни решения и са представени основните драйвери на бъдещото развитие и прилагане на всеобхватния подход от ЕС. В анекс са включени резюмета на последни специализирани публикации по темата. </style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Role of Ombudsperson Institutions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Building Integrity and Reducing Corruption in Defence: A Compendium of Best Practices</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">250-265</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-92-9222-114-0</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chapter 19 of the NATO-DCAF Building Integrity Compendium.  The boxes in the chapter were contributed by its
author with the exception of Box 19.5, contributed by Todor Tagarev</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Context Scenarios in Long-Term Defense Planning</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">context scenario</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term defense planning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">morphological analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">planning methodology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">robustness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scenario-based planning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">system analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">uncertainty.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62-72</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recently, a team of Bulgarian analysts proposed a novel long-term planning methodology that envisions a scenario-based, concept-driven, and capa­bilities-oriented planning process intended to provide for robustness in an uncertain security and force development environment. The methodology uses two types of scenarios – context scenarios (or “alternative futures”) and situational scenarios. This article presents a process for designing context scenarios and a summary in­formation on the scenarios developed for use in Bulgaria’s long-term planning process. The proposed approach to the development of context scenarios involves five distinct steps – preparation, strategic base analysis, analysis of the characteris­tics of the future, definition of national security interests’ zones, and development and analysis of context scenarios. A specialized software tool called Intelligent Scenario Computer Interface Program Morphological Analysis/ System Analysis (I-SCIP-MA-SA) was developed to support both the morphological and system analy­ses within the process.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effective Defence Policy through Integrated Management, Transparency, and Accountability</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integrity in Defence: Effective, Transparent and Accountable Management</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia: Euro-Atlantic Education Initiative</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hari Bucur-Marcu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philipp Fluri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Governance, Management, Command, Leadership: Setting the Context for Studies of Defence Management</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Defence Management: An Introduction</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Security and Defence Management Series</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15-43</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-92-9222-089-1</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This chapter provides an explanation of what is defence governance, how it differentiates from management and command and what is the role of strategic leadership. On that basis, we identify the areas of defence institutions that could be strongly enhanced through adoption of modern business practices. As a result, the value of defence management is explained vis-à-vis traditional military bureaucratic or command approaches. The chapter does not preach a particular model of defence management. Instead, it sets the context for detailed examination of the key defence management issues in following chapters. The themes and issues presented here are based on data and observations in countries creating, reforming, or transforming their defence institutions and, without detailed elaboration, illustrate main points to be considered by those involved in arguing, planning, designing and implementing defence institution-building activities. Thus, it provides orientation to policy makers who want to learn how a defence institution could be developed as an effective and democratic pillar of national and international security, producing adequate defence at a socially acceptable cost.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/compendum/defence-management-introduction&quot; title=&quot;Back to the book content&quot;&gt;Back to the book content&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgarian Defence Policy and Force Development 2018</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Military Publishing House</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-954-509-394-4</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgarian Defense Policy and Force Development 2018 </style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia, Military Publishing House</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Defense policy and development of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Bulgaria 2018</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Military Publishing House</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In conclusion: Follow-up Steps</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria's Defence Policy and Force Development 2018</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Military Publishing House</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The concluding section of the study on Bulgaria's Defence Policy and Force Development 2018 elaborates measures and steps needed to institutionalise the model of the integrated ministry of defence.
The full text below is in Bulgarian.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Introductory part</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria's Defence Policy and Force Development 2018</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Military Publishing House</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This section includes the preface, the table of contents, and the introduction of the monographic study on Bulgaria's Defence Policy and Force Development 2018. 
The full text below is in Bulgarian.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Part 1: Rationalizing the Transformation of Defence</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria's Defence Policy and Force Development 2018</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Military Publishing House</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This section presents the main conclusions of the context scenarios, or &quot;alternative futures&quot; for the design of the national defence policy, the vision for the long-term development of the defence institution, as well as the respective levels of ambition. 
The full text below is in Bulgarian.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Part 2: Force Structure 2018</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria's Defence Policy and Force Development 2018</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Military Publishing House</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This section presents a capability partition and library of force building blocks, developed with account of Bulgaria's defence needs and traditions, levels of ambition for each of the envisioned missions and respective scenarios, key considerations and results in force structuring, considerations on the structuring and location of the armed forces on the territory of the country, and recommendations for adapting the force structure to changing fiscal constraints.
The full text below is in Bulgarian.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Part 3: The Integrated Defence Institution at Strategic Level</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria's Defence Policy and Force Development 2018</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Military Publishing House</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This section presents a vision for the strategic transformation of Bulgaria's defence institution, a model for structuring and functions of the integrated ministry of defence and strategic level (joint) commands, as well as possible alternative arrangements. 
The full text below is in Bulgarian.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Отбранителна политика и развитие на въоръжените сили на Република България 2018</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Военно издателство „Св. Георги Победоносец”</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">София</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Context Scenarios</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methodology and Scenarios for Defense Planning </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia: Military Publishing House</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plamen Pantev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viara Zaprianova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil Society Security Expertise. Role of ThinkTanks and Activist NGOs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C I V I L - M I L I T A R Y   R E L A T I O N S   A N D  D E M O C R A T I C   C O N T R O L   O F   T H E  S E C U R I T Y   S E C T O R</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Handbook for Military Officers, Servicemen and Servicewomen of the Security and Intelligence Agencies, and for Civilian Politi</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-59</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plamen Pantev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viara Zaprianova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil-Military Relations and Democratic Control of the Security Sector</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procon</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Handbook for Military Officers, Servicemen and Servicewomen of the Security and Intelligence Agencies, and for Civilian Politicians and Security Experts. The Handbook has been translated in Bahasa, French, Russian, Spanish, and Ukrainian.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Growing Threat: Homeland Security Issues of Bulgaria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">homeland security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human Security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security sector reform</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Societal Security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrorism</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61-74</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This article presents the main problems in adapting security establishments of democratic countries to the challenges of spreading terrorism in a globalized world. The focus is on problems facing post-communist countries. The author argues that, both during the early stages of democratization and in the ongoing security sector reform, the emphasis is on democratic civilian control and too little attention is paid to operational effectiveness. Furthermore, all democratic countries face the problem of achieving effectiveness of the security organizations while preserving and protecting democratic values. The concept of homeland security, among others, may be used to strengthen international and interagency cooperation in dealing with the security challenges of the Twenty First century.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Faber</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homeland/Societal Vulnerability and Security, Information Security: An International Journal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ognyan Minchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marin Lessenski</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria for NATO 2002</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia: Institute for International and Regional Studies</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Velichka Milina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil-Military Relations and the Construction of Consolidated Democracy: The Case of Bulgaria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Connections: The Quarterly Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summer 2002</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89-99</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lessons Learned from Security Sector Reform and Democratisation in Bulgaria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geneva: Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DCAF Working Papers 96 </style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Velizar Shalamanov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reshaping Bulgarian Armed Forces for the 21st Century</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgaria for NATO 2002</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute for Regional and International Studies</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plamen Pantev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Todor Tagarev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plamen Pantev</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil-Military Relations in Bulgaria: Aspects, Factors, Problems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Civil-Military Relations in South-East Europe: National Perspectives and PfP Standards</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institut fuer Internationale Friedenssicherung</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vienna</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeri Ratchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SEEDEFCOL - Virtual Defence College for Distance Learning in South East Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information &amp; Security: An International Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157-166</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record></records></xml>