Europe

Nonlethal Weapons and Intermediate Force: A Necessary Complement to Lethality

LeVine, Susan. "Nonlethal Weapons and Intermediate Force: A Necessary Complement to Lethality." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 21, no. 2 (2022): 55-66.

Introduction

The phrase nonlethal weapons often brings to mind capabilities such as bean bags, rubber bullets, pepper spray, and electric stun guns. These capabilities are used domestically by law enforcement and by the military, primarily for protection and security missions. Nonlethal weapons (NLW) technology, however, has advanced significantly over the past 20 years.

21.2.04_intermediate_capabilities.pdf — Downloaded 1501 times

The Case for an Economic NATO

Matthews, Ron. "The Case for an Economic NATO." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 21, no. 2 (2022): 25-39.

Introduction

The Russia-Ukraine war is, first and foremost, a military catastrophe, but it has also generated seismic economic impacts that have had global consequences. Aside from the huge costs of the war, estimated at up to US $ 600bn for Ukraine alone,[1] there are the indirect effects, such as surging energy, fuel, and food prices, created by knock-on disruptions of global supply chains

21.2.02_economic_nato.pdf — Downloaded 994 times

How Networks of Social Cooperation Scale into Civilizations

Root, Hilton L.. "How Networks of Social Cooperation Scale into Civilizations." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 20, no. 3 (2021): 5-29.

Introduction

For decades, the socioeconomic models that tested cooperation predicted that it would only endure in groups that developed social norms of commitment, trust, and reciprocity.[1] But as Mathew Jackson noted, and what still holds, those predictions invariably have drawn from models that address small groups of agents and ignore questions of how communities build networks into historical regimes with the capacity to create bonds extending beyond kinship and lineage.

20.3-4.01_networks_civilizations_f.pdf — Downloaded 722 times